Justin Martyr was one of the most important of the Greek philosopher-Apologists in the early church, whose writings represent the first positive encounter of Christian revelation with Greek philosophy and laid the basis for a theology of history. A Catholic Encyclopedia article is online at Justin Martyr.
A pagan reared in a Jewish environment, Justin studied Stoic and Platonic philosophy at Ephesus, near modern Selcuk, Turkey. He converted to Christianity about 130 and short time later became a Christian teacher where he engaged in a disputation with Trypho, a Jew (~ 135). After a few years he moved to Rome, where he founded a Christian school. Here he met vehement opposition in the Cynic philosopher Crescens whose antagonism made Justin determined to compose an 'Apology' or reasoned defense of the Christian faith. This was issued ~150 in the form of a petition addressed to the Emperor Antoninus Pius. Sometime afterward he published his Dialogue with Trypho the Jew. A shorter, Second Apology was addressed to the Senate, apparently after the accession of Marcus Aurelius (161 CE). A few years later, Justin was denounced to the Roman prefect as subversive and condemned to death. Authentic records of the martyrdom survive.
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